Chapter 2: PRONOUNS
A PRONOUN is a word that takes the place of a noun.
Example:
Min-ho's candy bar melted when he left it in the sun.
"It" takes the place of "candy bar"
"He" takes the place of "Min-ho."
SUBJECTIVE PRONOUNS take the place of the subject of a sentence.
Examples:
You are honest.
What is going on?
SUBJECTIVE
PRONOUNS:
I, you, she, he, it, we, they, what, who |
OBJECTIVE PRONOUNS take the place of the OBJECT of a sentence.
Examples:
The travel plans fell on Marissa because she is responsible.
This chair is heavy. The painters needed to move it.
POSSESIVE PRONOUNS show who something belongs to.
Examples:
Are the purple ski boots mine or yours?
Bryan lost his antique locket.
This is a male. His SUBJECTIVE, POSSESIVE & OBJECTIVE PRONOUNS are he, his, and him.
This is a female. Her SUBJECTIVE, POSSESIVE & OBJECTIVE PRONOUNS are she, hers, and her.
This is two friends. They are two individuals. Their SUBJECTIVE, OBJECTIVE, AND POSSESIVE PRONOUNS
are they, we, them, us, ours, and theirs. These pronouns are only used if there is two individuals.
This is a chair. It is an object and not a person. Its SUBJECTIVE & OBJECTIVE PRONOUNS are it and that. Objects do not have a possesive noun.
POSSESIVE NOUNS can also be if you are trying to identify something.
Let's say I have a white pen. My friend, Olivia, also has a white pen. If it happens that both pens get mixed, I would ask: "Is this pen mine, or yours?"
If one pen gets lost, we would share the pen, making it ours.
YOURS OR YOUR?
The pronouns "yours" can be SINGULAR or PLURAL. It can be used to show one person owns something or many people share ownership.
Example:
You go to the movie theaters by yourself, (because why not?) and the manager shows you to your seat. She points at a row of seats and says: "The seats in this section are yours." (Since you are there by yourself, you know she is referring to your own seat for yourself.)
OR...
You and three of your friends go to the theaters to see the newest movie! The manager shows you guys your seats. She points to four seats and says: "The seats in this section are yours." (Since you are there with friends, totaling four people in all, we know four is more than one. And you all can't share one seat! So of course she is talking on behalf of all your friends.)
SINGULAR PRONOUNS:
I, me, my, myself, himself, herself, you, your, anyone, everyone, anybody, nobody, either, neither, each, someone, somebody
SINGULAR OR PLURAL PRONOUNS:
all, more, most, none some, yours
PLURAL PRONOUNS:
we, us, ourselves, themselves, both, few, several, many, they, them
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS refer to a noun or pronoun used earlier in a sentence. They always end in -self or -selves.
Examples:
Jessamyn blamed herself.
After practice, I drew myself a hot bath.
(Myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, themselves)
INDEFINITE PRONOUNS refer to people, places, or things that are not specific or exact.
Examples:
Hurry, everyone is already at the party!
Nobody understands this grammar lessons.
(Everyone, nobody, several, everywhere, nowhere.)
QUICKIES FOR KOREANS:
Because of the way Hangul is pronounced, most Koreans tend to pronounce 'th' as 'ss'. Instead of saying, "South Korea", some say "Souss Korea." To help with this, instead of just putting your tongue just barely touching the inner part of your lower row of teeth, try to place your tongue in between your upper and lower set of teeth, like you're trying to bite it.
PRONOUN PROBLEMS
An INAPPROPRIATE SHIFT occurs when a noun is replaced by the wrong type of pronoun. There are two types to avoid:
WRONG NUMBER is when a
singular pronoun replaces a plural noun or when a plural noun replaces a
singular noun.
Example:
❌When I sat by the pool, we got splashed.
This is completely wrong since "I" is a singular pronoun, and "we" is plural.
| WRONG CASE is when an
objective pronoun is used to replace a subject, or a
subjective pronouns is used to replace an object.
Example:
❌Me play the drums.
This is completely wrong because "me"
is an objective pronoun. |
TO FIX: Replace the innocent pronoun with a correct pronoun.
✔ When we sat by the pool, we got splashed. | ✔ I play the drums.
A COMPOUND PRONOUN is a combination of nouns and pronouns that act as a subject or object of a sentence.
Examples:
✔ Me an you
✔ Jamal and I
✔ She and Kim
People often pair the wrong pronouns. To avoid that mistake, remember two important rules:
1. CORRECT ORDER: All pronouns except "I" go before the noun. "I" always comes after the noun.
❌ Jax and she saw the movie. | ✔ She and Jax saw the movie.
❌ I and Jax were at the movie. |✔ Jax and I were at the movie.
2.CORRECT CASE: The pronoun case needs to match the sentence.
❌ Him and Felix ate forty-one hot dogs.
✔ He and Felix ate forty-one hot dogs.
CONGRATUATIONS!! You finished Chapter 2! |
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